SDK vs. API: The similarities and differences between an SDK and API

SDK vs. API: What’s the difference?

In a nutshell, Software Development Kits (SDKs) offer developers all the tools and libraries they need to create applications. In contrast, Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) allow different software systems to communicate and exchange data seamlessly.

While APIs and SDKs share some similarities, understanding their differences and utilities is imperative; confusing them can lead to unnecessary complexity, like utilizing an SDK for weather detection when an API integration would be enough.

In this article, you’ll learn all about APIs and SDKs, including their differences, benefits, and when to use each.

What is an API?

An API defines a set of protocols and instructions that facilitate communication between applications. These protocols provide guidelines on how information and data should be transferred and how developers can interact with the API. Through APIs, you can easily access third-party services like payment gateways and SMS services and utilize their features without having to understand how the API works behind the scenes.

APIs can be integrated into any platform or language and are an easy way to integrate features into your applications by leveraging existing external services. This significantly reduces the amount of time it takes to launch a product. Additionally, APIs are easy to maintain over time, as changes in their implementation don’t require changes in your code. It’s worth mentioning that some APIs offered by third-party services cost money, though they usually provide a generous free tier.

What is an SDK?

An SDK is a preassembled set of comprehensive tools and libraries that a developer needs to build applications for a specific platform. SDKs typically include components such as APIs, documentation, code samples, and debugging tools, giving you all the resources you need to create a fully functional application.

SDKs are at the core of application development. You need an SDK to start building an application for any platform.

SDKs manage the low-level details that could be virtually impossible to deal with or would be cumbersome and time-consuming. They also provide access to specific APIs and features embedded by the SDK provider, such as Sendbird’s chat messaging, to ensure a flawless development experience.

The differences between an SDK vs. API

Here are the basic differences between and SDK vs. API you need to understand:

SDKs provide developers with a full suite of tools to build new features or entire applications. They often include APIs but offer more comprehensive resources, which is ideal for building full-fledged applications on a specific platform.

Think of an SDK as a mechanic’s toolbox. It doesn’t just have a few basic tools but everything you need—wrenches, diagnostic devices, and replacement parts. With this toolbox, the mechanic can fix minor issues or completely rebuild a car. Similarly, an SDK gives you everything you need—APIs, libraries, sample code, and documentation—to build and fine-tune applications from the ground up.

In contrast, APIs are like messengers, facilitating communication between applications to exchange information or trigger actions. They let you add third-party functionality to your application without having to build everything from scratch.

If an SDK is like a mechanic’s toolbox, think of an API like a postal service: you get your mail without needing to know the details of how it’s sorted, transported, or delivered. Just like the postal service handles the complexity behind the scenes, an API manages all the heavy lifting, bringing the functionality you need directly to your application.

Here are the differences between SDKs and APIs in more detail:

Types of APIs

Because APIs have different purposes, they can be grouped into the following types:

1. Public APIs are open for external use with minimal authentication and security. They allow third-party developers to access a service, like fetching weather conditions for various locations using a weather API.

2. Partner APIs connect multiple businesses or organizations with an agreement to share data and information. Partner APIs have strict authentication and often handle sensitive data.

3. Private APIs are designed for internal workflows within organizations. They connect services or departments to streamline operations or share sensitive data.

4. Composite APIs involve combining multiple API calls into a single request. They’re often used when multiple services need to be called sequentially to improve efficiency and user experience.

Types of SDKs

SDKs vary depending on the application being built, the platform in use, and their intended purposes. Common SDKs include:

• iOS SDKs: Designed to build mobile apps for iOS platforms. They include tools for creating user interfaces, accessing hardware (like cameras), and managing network connections.

• Android SDKs: Designed to build mobile apps for the Android framework. They provide access to device features such as keyboard and voice input.

• Java SDKs: Provide tools to build, test, and run Java-based applications.

• Unity SDKs: Provide tools for building games and handling tasks like rendering graphics, managing physics, and handling user input.

Examples of SDKs vs. APIs

As a developer, you’ve likely interacted with many different types of APIs and SDKs. For instance, email apps like Gmail and Outlook are built using the Android SDK or the iOS SDK (depending on the platform). These apps use APIs to offer services such as calendar and contacts sync. They also offer access to cloud storage from other applications (like Google Drive), making it easy to get everything you need in one place. Apps like WhatsApp have reliable APIs that offer ways for businesses to provide more value to their customers. For example, Sendbird’s WhatsApp API improves engagement and customer satisfaction by integrating time-sensitive notifications and OTP verifications.

Another example is the Google AdMob SDK, which integrates in-app ads and handles all the behind-the-scenes work of matching and billing ads for applications. SDKs like Sendbird’s Chat SDK enable seamless integration of in-app chat and messaging features for your users without having to build this functionality from scratch, resulting in a faster and more efficient development experience.

How APIs work

APIs function as intermediaries between a client (such as a mobile app) and a server. When an app makes an API request, it sends data to the server and waits for a response. The server processes the request and returns the requested data, which is then handled by the app.

For example, an e-commerce app can integrate a payment processing API that accepts payment details and returns a status update once a transaction is made. The same e-commerce app can also use a delivery service API to make and track user delivery requests. Here’s a simple visualization of how this works:

How SDKs work

SDKs enable developers to build entire features or applications. For example, you can use the Android SDK to build an Android app and utilize the prebuilt libraries for managing user interfaces, handling touch events, and interacting with device hardware on the Android platform. The iOS SDK similarly provides these core features for iOS app development. Additionally, specialized SDKs like Chat or AdMob accelerate development by providing ready-to-use modules for these features that let developers focus on customization.

Benefits of SDKs and APIs

Both SDKs and APIs save developers time and money during development. Rather than building an in-house service from scratch, you can leverage APIs to integrate functional third-party services into your application. SDKs, on the other hand, help you quickly start developing applications for different platforms without worrying about the nuances of the actual platform implementation.

APIs enhance third-party integrations and are perfect for quickly adding multiple features to an app. For example, you can easily integrate a payment processing API, a delivery service API, a chat API, and a maps API on a single app.

SDKs are ideal for feature customization and implementation. They provide access to platform-specific tools that alter or provide feedback when certain actions are performed. For instance, you can use the Android SDK to customize audio inputs and outputs to fit a specific niche.

When should you use an SDK vs. an API?

When deciding whether to use an SDK vs. API, you should take into account the following considerations:

Knowing when to use an API, an SDK, or both, can impact your efficiency. You should use SDKs when building an app or feature from scratch or when you need complex customization options. Some applications, such as games, require specialized SDKs like Unity and Unreal Engine. For mobile apps, you can use platform-specific SDKs (Android or iOS) or cross-platform SDKs such as Flutter.

On the other hand, you should use APIs to integrate third-party services into an application without any additional development overhead. This is especially useful when building a service in-house would be cumbersome or if you want to avoid legal obligations that third-party providers could handle. For instance, dealing with payment integrations in different countries could be challenging due to different regulations and licensing procedures, but third-party providers like Stripe can assist with this process. Additionally, APIs are ideal when you need specific data, such as flight schedules or hotel bookings, which only specific partners can provide.

In some situations, you might have the option of using an SDK or an API to integrate a feature into your app. If the size of your application matters, an API is your best bet since it’s lightweight. However, SDKs offer more control and handle common functions automatically, which you would otherwise have to implement manually with an API.

SDK vs. API: Key takeaways

Choosing whether to use an API or SDK to integrate features into your app requires a deep understanding of each. In this article, we learned about the differences between an SDK vs. API and when to use them.

Both tools improve the developer experience and reduce the time and resources required to build cutting-edge applications. With the various types of SDKs and APIs mentioned here, you can now make sound decisions about your feature implementations. Keep in mind that depending on your objectives, you’ll often use SDKs and APIs simultaneously.

If you’re looking for a solution to enhance your application with in-app communication capabilities, check out Sendbird. With technologically advanced products like content moderation, in-app chat, calls, and business messaging, Sendbird’s APIs and SDKs provide all the messaging capabilities you need. Start a free trial or contact us to learn more! Our experts are always happy to help.